Module+3+Design

In the course wiki you will be working with your classmates to locate and share PowerPoint presentations that exhibit one or more of the 10 principles by Mayer. Once you have located the PowerPoint presentation on SlideShare you will embed it on this Module 3 Page in the course wiki. Each entry should 1) clearly display the author of the PowerPoint, 2) Explain which principle is being demonstrated and how, and 3) Please post your initials next to your entry. You can separate your entries by inserting a horizontal line. (The icon with the blue bar in the wiki toolbar.) To embed a slideshare presentation just copy the embed code and click in the TV icon in the wiki toolbar. You can click on "Other html" then paste the embed code and click on Save.

Below is an example from a previous class

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Author: ejars Website: [|www.slideshare.net]

In this Slideshare presentation, the task to be achieved is to convey to the viewers the meaning of instructional design. This video stays on target taking the viewer through a series of slides that effectively reduces extraneous processing as described by Mayer in the course reading. The first area addressed by Mayer and included in this presentation is to reduce extraneous material. This Slideshare includes short, concise text that explains the concept quickly and effectively. The second area explained by Mayer and included in this video is signaling. Each essential concept in this Slideshare is highlighted at the beginning of the presentation with a short highlighted or bold phrase or question introducing the basic concept to be understood. This presentation does an excellent job of what Mayer coined as the "spatial contiguity principle" where explanatory words are posted next to the picture for better understanding and synthesis of the information.

Mayer defines one of two principles for fostering generative processing as the application of the "multimedia principle." This means people learn better from pictures and words rather than just seeing and reading the words. This slide show does a wonderful job of creating a visual representation such as a picture or graph for almost every text entry shown on the screen. This helps the viewer to create better connections in the brain by being shown both the verbal and pictorial representation of the subject area which studies have shown leads to deeper understanding. Finally, Mayer talks about the "personalization principle" where using a conversational style to the text helps to create a relationship between the viewer and presenter. If a relationship is formed, studies have shown that the viewer will try harder to understand the material being presented.

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Author: frog Website: [|www.slideshare.net]

This slideshare presentation's purpose is to educate the reader on emerging tech trends in 2012. Among the topics are virtual interfaces with personal computers, the merging of multiple apps for a whole person "snapshot", lower priced smartphones, a more robust digital library of places with multimedia, and the move into the world of Biomimicry (designing objects and systems based on or inspired by patterns in nature). The slides are put together very cleanly almost in a magazine type format. Each trend was submitted and written by an industry specialist.

Overall, the presentation is very readable and contains very interesting information. In a class that is built on technology, this information is very informative as it tell us where we are going and what we are heading towards.

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Author: Jason Grigsby Website: [|www.slideshare.com]

In this Slideshare presentation, the author is convincing the viewer of the many reasons we Americans should go mobile. The author presents this multimedia instructional message with words and pictures. In this sense, he does a good job of “reducing extraneous processing,” as Mayer discuses in his article. The author adheres to the principal of “coherence” by providing short phrases and words from which meaning can be conveyed on most of the slides without burdening the viewer with lengthy and unnecessary reading in order to make his point. On the few slides where there was a page of information presented, the author did a good job of “signaling,” or highlighting the information necessary for the viewer to interpret the intention without having to focus in on and read the whole page of information. Additionally, the author did a good job of presenting the highlighted words next to the corresponding graphics, using what Mayer calls “spatial contiguity.” Overall, the author uses three of the five principles for “reducing extraneous processing.” To help foster “generative processing” according to Mayer, the author of this Slideshare also engages in two more principles: the multimedia principle, and the personalization principle. The multimedia principle says that you must present words and pictures rather than just words alone. As mentioned above, the author does a good job doing exactly that, almost every slide has both words and pictures. The author also uses words like “our” and “we” to draw in the viewer, making the viewer feel part of the Slideshare, as if a conversation is taking place between designer and viewer. This, according to Mayer, is the personalization principle; “presenting words in a conversational style rather than a formal style.” This Slideshare was not animated and did not contain any voice-overs, so the other five of Mayer’s principles did not apply.

DRB

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Author: Abhishek Shah Website: [|www.slideshare.com]

The first principle being demonstrated is used to reduce Extraneous Processing. It is the technique of Signaling. The author highlights the material being explained by putting one term on a slide and then explaining it on the next slide. This allows the viewer to know what they should be relating the text to after reading it.

The second principle being demonstrated is one of the principles for Generative Processing. In Mayer's article it states, "According to the multimedia principle, people learn better from words and pictures than words alone." This Powerpoint presentations does an excellent job of showing this principle. I think the author does an even better job by using images that are recent and relevant to our world today.

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by [|SlideShare Enterprise]
The presentation above informs the learner about saleforce.com website. For the most part the message this presentation is trying to convey does not provide extraneous details. The format actually begins by laying out the goals of the saleforce.com in the first slide. This allows the learner to see expectations and know what is important from the onset which is one way to avoid “extraneous processing” as mentioned in Mayer’s ten principles (Mayer 763). This process is similar to signaling because the learner sees the end goal from the very beginning (764). The layout is also helpful to avoid extraneous processing. The majority of the slides are formatted with the “spatial congruity principle” in mind. The slides appear to have the information presented similarly to that of graphic organizers. This specific layout makes the organizing information and processing easier for some learners who benefit from graphic organizers. This also helps to show Mayer’s belief in “fostering generative processing” through the “multimedia principle” which states that “people learn better from words and pictures than from words alone (766). Therefore, according to some of Mayer’s points this style layout will help the learners in multiple stages of her ten point scale.

In addition to avoiding extraneous processing Mayer also points out that “managing essential processing” is also important. This specific slide show follows the “segmenting principle” which supports that “people learn better when a narrated animation is presented in learner-paced segments rather than as a continuous presentation” (765). Part of the slide show is segmented into different parts: the goal, the problem, and the solution. Learners can learn at his/her own pace and continue on to the next slide when they are ready for the next segment of information. K.S.

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Author: James Paul Source: Slide Share HyperLink: []

After much searching around, I didn't find any real power points that simply "wow-ed" me; thus, I thought that I would include two that I seen on the slide share website; one that is absolutely awful in every aspect, and one that looks like the "nomal" presentations we commonly see duirng presentations of either adults or students.

This first power point in just simply a prime example of someone that doesn't know how to present infomration to a given audience. In accordance to Mayer, this power point basically doesn't follow ANY of the 10 principles that he applies. To begin with his usage of text is pathetic. He gives no signaling to break down his main ideas that he is trying to get across, nor does he even introduce what "Six Pack Abs V" is to even support his idea of the "5 post workout" foods that are best. According to principle #4 - although the attempted to break up his message into various slides, the layout is poor in that he writes text like he is just messaging someone or trying to have a conversation; however, he doesn't incorporate any pictures to describe or validate his writings. He does attempt to follow the segmenting principle by listing the 5 foods to eat; however, you will notice he only numbered the first one and then the last two he combined, making only 4 bullets, which might throw readers off. As for not introducing what the workout is, he is also not following principle #7 - Pretraining. I was quite interessted by the title of this presentation since I do enjoy working out, but I have no idea what the "six pack abs v" program is, so it would have been nice to get a quick description. As for the modality of the presentation, there was only one picture in the presentation; however it was blurry and had no narriation... I couldn't even see what the picture actually had in it, again making it a poor example. Although the text is primarily set up in a conversation manner, following the personalization principle, since the rest of the presentation is so poor, this basically can be overlooked.

ERH

media type="custom" key="18684118" Author: Tacoma Community College Source: Slide Share HyperLink: []

Although I did find this presentation to be interesting to me; I find it as a prime example as to the type of power point presentation made not only by students, but adults that have no real training in the processes of learning.

To start with, there is way too much text in each slide according to the coherence principle. Having too much text can be confusing and overwhelming. They could have easily taken the infomration from the passages and created small bulleted lists or phrases that could have broken down the material into segment (segmenting principle) to make it a lot easier for learners to take in. I will given them credit though in the fact that they did segment the entire presentation into three main categories; however, if they would have segmented the entire text, it would have been a lot easier to understand.

During their presentation, there are some terms and main ideas that I think could have been highleted (signaling) and or presented at the beginning (pretraining) that could have made learners aware of terms and key concepts so when they reached that particular part of the presentation, learners would have been more aware and prepared for the information. There is a bit of signaling for each of the three parts (clothing, rituals, and gender roles) but again, I think they could have did a bit more on this to making it stand out more and make it easier to understand for the audience.

In terms of the layout and pictures, this is the typical type of layout I usually see with many presentaitons... too much text in a bulleted list with pictures (normally small ones along the side or bottom) that have no descriptions or references to the text. Although they attempted to shorten down the infomration and demonstrate what the infomration looks like, they need to tie the two together.

Lastly, in terms of the how the text was written, it is a bit easy to read and comprehend; however, even though bits and pieces are put into "conversation style" much is left as formal text as if it came directly from a passage, reading, or text. I do not like when text is presented this way, not only is it boring, but also makes the presenter look as if they do not really know what they are talking about.

ERH

media type="custom" key="18751022" Author: Khadija Gonzales Source: Slideshare

After hours of sifting through power points and finding many that were lacking in Mayer’s principles; I finally came across a simple presentation, Desserts are all Around Us, that really spoke to me.

This presentation is the perfect example of coherence, generative processing, no redundancy, and temporal contiguity. This PowerPoint has NO extraneous material, it is very basic (coherence). It allows the audience to receive a message but in a way that relates to them personally. For me the message was: desserts are wonderful and always the perfect standby no matter what the situation; they are a feel good food (multimedia personalization). There was no need for written text, the animation and narration worked seamlessly together (redundancy principle). Finally, the graphics and the song lyrics worked simultaneously to convey a message (temporal contiguity).

What I’ve gathered from this week’s readings and the viewing of many presentations is that, when information is presented and organized correctly, “less can be more”.

MEP

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Author: Jesse Desjardins Source: Slideshare.com

This Slideshare has been designed to provide good advice on designing effective PowerPoint presentations, and highlights five of the most common mistakes made in poor presentation design and implementation.

The presentation uses three of Mayer’s principals for reducing extraneous processing: coherence, signaling, and spatial continuity. The presentation is very streamlined, and has little or no information that is off topic. Even though there are 50 slides, the information is presented in a succinct, direct way. On many of the slides, important words, phrases, or ideas are highlighted using a different color, or by using a “highlighter”. Words and graphics are used in good relative proximity to each other, and the placement of the text relevant to the images (or vice versa) enhances the overall effectiveness and appeal of the presentation. Interestingly enough, the presentation mentions all three of these principals in designing a good PowerPoint.

The presentation also uses both of Mayer’s principals for fostering generative processing: multimedia and personalization. There are graphics on almost all of the slides, and they have been used in a thematically cohesive way. The images complement the text quite well, and the thematic continuity of the images and color scheme binds the whole presentation together. Once again, the presentation itself points this out as a way to design a more effective PowerPoint. The language used in the text is very relaxed and informal – the title says it all, right? However, the ideas are clearly communicated in way that is informative, engaging, and entertaining. I think this presentation has been very well done, and am tempted to take the advice on the next-to-last slide. I will certainly be referring to it if I ever need to use PowerPoint to present to a large group of people. (RHP)

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Author: [|Aliza Sherman] Source: [|www.slideshare.net]

I am unable to embed from my computer at work. To be continued...

The assigned readings and searching [|www.slideshare.net] has really made me think twice about teaching slideshows and presenting them. After I searched and searched I finally found a slideshow that was interesting as well as informational. A lot of them were the boring slides with too much text, bullets, and some didn’t even have pictures (boring). The example about instructional design was informational and memorable, the images and the simple text held my attention. I was trying to look for something similar. I keep hearing so much about Pinterest that I decided that I could learn about it from a slideshow. This slideshow uses Mayer’s “signaling” (p 764) when it uses headings to catch your attention about the next pieces of information that are following. There is a slide that asks “What is the big deal about Pinterest?” Then Sherman’s slides proceed with the following headings: After each heading there are several slides that explain each heading with a picture and short, simple text. The pictures and the words are placed closely together, which makes it easier for the viewer to understand. These closely placed pictures and words connect to Mayer’s “spatial contiguity principle” (p764). For me, it helped keep my interest because the images caught my eye and they appropriately associated with the text. The text was very simple and to the point, which kept my interest as I was viewing the slides. Some of the images were too busy to read, which could make it difficult for a larger viewing audience. In conclusion, I think Pinterest would be too time consuming for me, as I don’t have much free time. (KW)
 * “10 Things that Pinterest is Showing Us”
 * “5 Pinterest Benefits”
 * “4 Pinterest Tools”
 * “3 Perils of Pinterest”
 * “3 Pinterest Hacks”
 * “Beyond Pinterest”

[]

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Author: Sompong Yusoontorn Source: Slideshare.com

This was an interesting slide show that I found. I would like to state that I am not promoting religion with this slide show, but I found some of the principles corresponded with my personal thoughts about life. Principles that this presentation shows are: Multimedia Purpose - The pictures and words are presented on the same slides. Pre-training Principle - The topic is clearly stated and it is about someone who is known around the world. It tells a story and then goes over some of the main concepts involved with the story. Temporal Contiguity Principle - The words went very well with the pictures. The pictures with the words help to tell the story and showed different emotions that people go through. Personalization Principle - The presentation told a story, which was presented as a conversation between two different people. Overall, the presentation was easy to read and fairly short, when compared to other slide shows that I looked at. There were no big vocabulary words and the sentences were not overly drawn out. PNY

media type="custom" key="18875514" Title: Interviewing Skills Author: Sherif Shawki and Ahmed Sabek Youth Committee Inspire Yourself Source: [|www.slideshare.net]

This presentation focused on some interviewing tips and provided some pretty good information to help make an interviewee feel more at ease. I felt like of the many presentations I viewed, this one followed most of Mayer's principles. First of all, I felt like the authors showed "coherence." The slides were straight forward without too much text. There was not much extraneous material which is important in helping the learner focus on the essential material. This presentation also did a good job of "signaling." Many key words or concepts were highlighted in red throughout the presentation to help focus the learner's attention on the most important concepts. Another of Mayer's principles that the authors seemed to follow pretty well is "spacial contiguity." The graphics that were chosen were helpful in understanding the content and the text corresponded well with each image. It was easy to follow and the images added to presentation in a meaningful way. Finally, I feel that this presentation did a good job of "personalization." While viewing the slideshow, I definitely felt more at ease and comfortable than I did with some of the other shows I viewed. This one was casual and conversational rather than formal. Interviewing can be a stressful task, but this presentation helped me feel a little more relaxed about the whole process. Overall I think this presentation was effective because it followed many of Mayer's principles. It provided some important tips without being too wordy and giving extra information, while being visually appealing, easy to follow and easy to understand.

KWM

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Title: Power to the People Author: Steven Van Belleghem Source: www.slideshare.net

(JDM)

This slide show was mainly about how great of an influence people and social media have on the world today. Furthermore, how social media is causing more people to want to affect social change, and how social media has an impact on how companies design and advertise their services or products. I saw a few really good examples of Mayer's principles within this presentation. For example, the author displays good "Coherence" by keeping each slide free of //too// much information. Text is kept at a minimum and the reader is not forced to process too much extraneous material. Second, the author follows Mayer's "Spatial Contiguity" principle by placing important text directly next to, or on top of, corresponding graphics and animations. In this way, the reader is not confused as to which text belongs to which image on a single slide. With no confusion of information, the reader can process the message quiker and create a better understanding. Finally, the slideshow's author follows the "Temporal Contiguity" principle by making sure to simultaneously match narration and animation at the same time. This allows the reader to "have corresponding words and images in working memory at the same time in order to make connections between them." (Mayer, 764). Belleghem's presentation is not perfect by any means, but using the principles mentioned above does help it to be entertaining, engaging, and effective.

JDM

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Title: The Startup Pitch Author: Jeanne Trojan Source: www.slideshare.net

(BA)

This slideshow about pitching an idea to investors contains many of Mayer's principles. For one, the principle of coherence is apparent because the author reduces extraneous material by keeping the wordiness of the presentation low and keeping it focused on the main idea. Also, signaling is apparent from how the important information is highlighted well and it is obvious to the reader what is important. There is also evidence of pre-training when the author introduces the main aspects before going over them. Last of all, the principles of multimedia and personalization are shown throughout the presentation through pictures being included, rather than just words, and the entire slideshow is presented in a very conversational manner.

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Title: Social Media in the Classroom Author: Danielle Ketchum Source: www.slidesahre.net

This particular presentation discuss the positive benefits of social media in the classroom and how students, teachers and parents can work collaboratively using social media. I particularly liked the way she presented the material and gave suggestions and strategies to use several types of social media with students, parents and other teachers. The presentation focus on many of the Mayer's principals but one that stands out is the personalization of the text with the idea. The author uses graphics to represent specific points and text to keep the presentation to the main point. I also found the statistics graph interesting and easy to follow therefore making the presentation straight forward yet full of information. The author also included links to information on specific points which helped to offer clarification and points to the principal of the evidence based approach to learning. Overall I found this presentation to be very informative offering strategies to use in my own classroom.

SMN

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Title: How not to tweet Author: Library Marketing Toolkit Source: [|www.slideshare.net]

This particular slide show covered how not to tweet. I found this intresting because I still have not found the need to be on twitter and I have a hard time understanding the big following. One of the authors main points were not to tweet in a row wait for a response. this presentation followed Mayer principles by using coherence and not overcrowding the slides with graphics or text. The presentaion did a good job with the spatial contiguity principal. they used the sapce well on each slide leaving only nessasary open space to make it not busy looking. the last principal that The author did a good job using is the multimedia principal. they did this by craeting the twitter interface in graphics to show the tweets. I felt this was a good slideshow and I will reviewit again before I start to tweet.

TMC

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Title: The 21st Century Educator Author: Kim Cofino Website: [|www.slideshare.net]

This PowerPoint really caught my attention. It describes the role of educators in the 21st century. This presentation responds to Mayers multimedia principle, "people learn better from words and pictures than words alone". Each slide in the presentation exhibits a picture and words that relate to a common topic. The pictures were very catchy and supported what the author was trying to say.

The author of this presentation also adhered to the principle of coherence. He created each slide with a picture and a few words or brief phrase. He didn't overwhelm the viewers with too many words, and got the point across in a concise manner. This presentation could have been better if it included narration or animation. With these additional elements, the presentation could have related to more of Mayers ten principles.

AES

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Title: Human Digestive System

Author: Simren Cena

Website: [|www.slideshare.net]

The Author of the slideshow was Simren Cena.

The principle being demonstrated by this presentation is “Managing Essential Processing through segmenting.” In his article, Mayer says that “segmenting allows the learner to fully represent each part of the lightning system before moving on to the next part.” (Mayer, 765) The basic idea behind segmenting, according to Mayer, is that people learn better at the learner’s pace and in segments instead of completing the whole lesson at one time.

One part of segmenting is including “pre-training” which is a pre-lesson that gives characteristics of a component of what is being taught. The learner can then get an overview of what they will be learning about and build some prior knowledge, so that when an item is discussed later on they will have some idea of what is going on.

This slideshow does just this, it gives an overview of the digestive system on the very first slide. Within the first five slides the main parts of the digestive system are shown and the objectives of the whole lesson is provided as well. Then as the presentation goes on there is focus put on the main parts of the digestive system and what their responsibility is.

Mayer states that “The theoretical rationale is that learners who are already familiar with the names, location and behavior of each component can devote more of their cognitive capacity to building a cause-and-effect model.” (765)

ANM